Macular Degeneration: Risk Factors and How We Can Help

Macular degeneration is a common eye condition that can gradually diminish your central vision, making everyday tasks like reading or recognizing faces more difficult. Often associated with aging, it’s one of the leading causes of vision loss in adults over 60. While the condition can’t always be prevented, understanding your risk factors and catching it early can make a significant difference in how it progresses. At the Eye Care Center of North Jersey, we’re here to help you protect your vision with proactive care and personalized support.
 

What Is Macular Degeneration?

Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a progressive eye condition that affects the macula - the small, central portion of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. The macula allows us to perform tasks like reading, driving, recognizing faces, and seeing fine details. When this area becomes damaged, central vision becomes blurred or distorted, while peripheral vision typically remains intact. There are two main types of macular degeneration: dry and wet.

Dry macular degeneration is the more common form, accounting for nearly 90% of all cases. It occurs gradually as the tissues of the macula thin over time and waste deposits called drusen build up beneath the retina. This slow progression may result in mild vision changes at first, but it can eventually lead to more noticeable vision loss if left unmanaged.

Wet macular degeneration, on the other hand, is less common but far more severe. It develops when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and begin to leak fluid or blood into the macula. This leakage causes scarring and rapid damage to central vision. Without prompt treatment, wet AMD can cause sudden and significant vision loss.

While both types affect central vision, early diagnosis and monitoring are key to managing symptoms and preserving eyesight for as long as possible.
 

Risk Factors to Know

While macular degeneration can affect anyone, certain risk factors increase your likelihood of developing the condition:

• Age: Most common in people over 60.

• Family History: Genetics play a significant role - having a close relative with macular degeneration increases your risk.

• Smoking: Smokers are significantly more likely to develop the disease.

• Obesity and Poor Diet: High-fat diets and being overweight can contribute to the development and progression of macular degeneration.

• High Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease: These conditions can affect blood flow to the retina.

• Light Eye Color: People with lighter eye colors may be more sensitive to sunlight and more prone to damage.

• UV Exposure: Extended exposure to ultraviolet rays without proper eye protection may increase the risk.
 

How Eye Care Center of North Jersey Can Help

Early detection is essential for managing macular degeneration and slowing its progression. We provide thorough, eye exams that include retinal imaging and macular evaluations. These detailed assessments allow us to identify the earliest signs of macular degeneration, often before noticeable symptoms occur.

Our optometrists carefully monitor any changes in your vision or retinal health over time, ensuring that even subtle shifts are addressed promptly. We also offer personalized guidance on lifestyle and dietary choices that can support long-term eye health, such as incorporating antioxidant-rich foods and quitting smoking. In more advanced cases, we work closely with trusted retinal specialists to coordinate treatments like anti-VEGF injections or laser therapy.

Most importantly, we take the time to educate you about your condition and all available care options. Our goal is to ensure you feel confident, informed, and supported every step of the way.
 

Concerned About Macular Degeneration?

Macular degeneration doesn’t have to mean losing your independence or quality of life. By understanding the risk factors and working closely with our doctors, you can take proactive steps to preserve your vision.

If you’re experiencing changes in your vision or have risk factors for macular degeneration, schedule an eye exam with Eye Care Center of North Jersey for expert care. Visit our office in Scotch Plains, New Jersey, or call (908) 322-8040 to book an appointment today.